Artificial neural networks and machine learning applied to the understanding of biological vision
Laurent Perrinet
[2026-03-05] Master 1 Neuroscience, UE Natural Cognition, Artificial Cognition
Principles of Vision
]](https://outde.xyz/img/Rawski/Marr/3Lvls.jpg)
What is the function of vision?
What is the function of vision?
](https://www.cabinetmagazine.org/issues/30/cabinet_030_archibald_sasha_001.jpg)
What is the function of vision?
](https://www.cabinetmagazine.org/issues/30/cabinet_030_archibald_sasha_002.jpg)
What is the function of vision?
](https://www.cabinetmagazine.org/issues/30/cabinet_030_archibald_sasha_003.jpg)
What is the function of vision?
](https://www.cabinetmagazine.org/issues/30/cabinet_030_archibald_sasha_006.jpg)
Visual illusions
](https://laurentperrinet.github.io/2022-01-12_NeuroCercle/figures/42_rotsnakes_main.jpg)
Visual illusions
Visual illusions
](https://laurentperrinet.github.io/2022-01-12_NeuroCercle/figures/Hering_illusion_without.svg)
Visual illusions
](https://laurentperrinet.github.io/2022-01-12_NeuroCercle/figures/Hering_illusion.svg)
Visual illusions : Pareidolia
)](https://laurentperrinet.github.io/2022-01-12_NeuroCercle/figures/Face-on-mars.jpg)
Visual illusions : Pareidolia
)](https://laurentperrinet.github.io/2022-01-12_NeuroCercle/figures/Viking_moc_face_20m_low.png)
Visual illusions : Pareidolia
)](https://laurentperrinet.github.io/2022-01-12_NeuroCercle/figures/Viking_moc_face_20m_high.png)
Principles of vision?
Computational neuroscience of vision
Computational neuroscience of vision
]](https://github.com/laurentperrinet/2019-04-03_a_course_on_vision_and_modelization/raw/master/figures/Churchland92.png)
Anatomy of the Human Visual system
Human Visual system : the HMAX model
![[Serre and Poggio, 2007]](https://laurentperrinet.github.io/talk/2020-04-ue-neurosciences-computationnelles/a-Organization-of-the-visual-cortex-The-diagram-is-modified-from-Gross-1998-Key.png)
Primary visual cortex
![[Hubel & Wiesel, 1962]](https://github.com/laurentperrinet/2019-04-03_a_course_on_vision_and_modelization/raw/master/figures/scientists.jpg)
Primary visual cortex
[Hubel & Wiesel, 1962]
Hybrid IA models
![Using goal-driven deep learning models to understand sensory cortex [Yamins & DiCarlo, 2016]](https://knu-brainai.github.io/images/cnn.png)
Principles of vision?
Convolutional Neural Nets (CNN)
Convolutional Neural Nets (CNN)
]](https://laurentperrinet.github.io/2019-04-03_a_course_on_vision_and_modelization/figures/boutin-franciosini-ruffier-perrinet-19_figure1_a.svg)
Convolutional Neural Nets (CNN)
]](https://www.mdpi.com/vision/vision-07-00029/article_deploy/html/images/vision-07-00029-g003.png)
CNN: Mathematics
- One-dimensional discrete convolution (eg in time) with a kernel $g$ of radius $K$: $$ (f \ast g)[n]=\sum_{m=-K}^{K} f[n-m] \cdot g[m] $$
CNN: Mathematics
- Convolution of an image (two-dimensional) with a kernel $g$ of radius $K\times K$:
$$ (f \ast g)[x, y] = \sum_{i=-K}^{K} \sum_{j=-K}^{K} f[x-i, y-j] \cdot g[i, j] $$
CNN: Mathematics
- Cross-correlation of an image (two-dimensional) with a kernel $g$ of radius $K\times K$:
$$ (f \ast \tilde{g})[x, y] = \sum_{i=-K}^{K} \sum_{j=-K}^{K} f[x+i, y+j] \cdot g[i, j] $$
CNN: Mathematics
]](https://stanford.edu/~shervine/teaching/cs-230/illustrations/convolution-layer-a.png)
CNN: Mathematics
- Correlation of an image defined on several channels (note the order of the indices):
$$ (f \ast \tilde{g})[x, y] = \sum_{c=1}^{C} \sum_{c,i,j} f[c, x+i, y+j] \cdot g[c, i, j] $$
CNN: Mathematics
- Correlation of a multi-channel image for multiple output channels (note the order of the indices):
$$ (f \ast \tilde{g})[k, x, y] = \sum_{c,i,j} f[c, x+i, y+j] \cdot g[k, c, i, j] $$
CNN: the HMAX model
![[[Serre and Poggio, 2006]](https://biology.stackexchange.com/questions/10955/ventral-stream-pathway-and-architecture-proposed-by-poggios-group)](https://i.stack.imgur.com/ZlFnp.png)
CNN: challenges
Principles of Vision
CNN: Predictive processing
]](https://laurentperrinet.github.io/2019-04-03_a_course_on_vision_and_modelization/figures/boutin-franciosini-ruffier-perrinet-19_figure1.svg)
CNN: Predictive processing
]](https://laurentperrinet.github.io/publication/boutin-franciosini-chavane-ruffier-perrinet-20/BoutinFranciosiniChavaneRuffierPerrinet20face.png)
CNN: Topography
![[Bosking *et al*, 1997]](https://github.com/laurentperrinet/2019-04-03_a_course_on_vision_and_modelization/raw/master/figures/Bosking97Fig4.jpg)
CNN: Topography
]](https://laurentperrinet.github.io/publication/franciosini-21/featured.jpg)
Artificial neural networks applied to the understanding of biological vision
Artificial neural networks and machine learning applied to the understanding of biological vision
Laurent Perrinet
[2026-03-05] Master 1 Neuroscience, UE Natural Cognition, Artificial Cognition